To add another examination of a very important topic of today’s world (remarriage after divorce and repentance), I wanted to further debate and examine this issue.
First I want to thank Jeff for his replies and dialogue. It is always great to be able to politely converse with fellow believers, and I truly appreciate all of your well thought responses and politeness.
I do think this particular issue is VERY important because divorce, adultery, and remarriage seem to be everywhere (even in the church). Christians who want to repent must deal with these issues, and we all need to find some common ground here to be able to help them sort through their past sins and mistakes, and ensure they are right with God. First, here is Jeff’s reply based on my previous article:
Thanks for the answers. I really enjoyed reading your responses. I wish it could be a ‘real time’ conversation. As for my David Koresh question…haha, and your response-which I totally understand-I was just asking if you did (or suggesting that you do) have a close group of Christians that will ‘keep you in line’ because I don’t believe it is wise for anyone, no matter how intelligent or spiritually grounded, to stand alone with no one to answer to. Any national ‘big time’ pastor or spiritual leader, if they are smart, will intentionally surround themselves with people they will have to answer to and will hold them accountable spiritually and in other ways of life…otherwise, I believe it is a setup for failure.
As for the marriage answer, I understand all your points…it’s not that I don’t understand or overlook things…I just disagree…you have to make some assumptions to get to your points as well. To me, it seems the innocent party in an adulterous marriage is the one with the say so as to what transpires rightfully going forward from the relationship. Yes, the adulterer can leave and marry someone else, time can pass, and most people today may do that…but I don’t believe those things make it right.
Look at Hosea and what he went through. Who’s to say that God wants you to ‘move on’ and not wait for your wayward spouse to return as opposed to having a hardened heart and divorcing them. Also, I see the adulterer being treated differently than the innocent party. They don’t receive the ‘benefits’ offered to the innocent party. They don’t get to choose if they get divorced or not and I believe it shows that they don’t get to choose if they remarry or not…it seems to me that is lost.
In the example of David and Bathsheba…my argument is perfectly logical…they could remain married because Uriah was dead. Just because a lot of people move around, turn there backs on their spouses and remarry without considering the consequences doesn’t relieve them of their responsability. That’s why the Bible says if a woman departs, remain single or return to her husband. It doesn’t say…wait an amount of time and then have a new relationship…there are no time limits, there are no statute of limitations when it comes to God, at least that I can see.
I do not see any specific cases in the Bible where an adulterous ‘marriage’, where the other spouse was alive, is allowed. The Bible talks about not marrying someone who has been divorced, or not being divorced and marrying someone, and returning to your spouse…it’s pretty clear. It does say that you can remarry if your spouse dies. Maybe that’s the point, if we want to be in what would otherwise be an adulterous marriage, we have to get rid of the spouse (haha) Obviously, wrong!
Also, whose to say that after messing up your marriage…God wants us to get married again? Sure, most people may do that…it would make us feel better to be able to do that…but is that really the case? That is…if you commit adultery, you can be forgiven…but is the consequence you may not be able to be in a marriage that is not adulterous. It’s a choice. You don’t HAVE to get married after you’ve committed adultery. I don’t see ANY examples in God’s Word that justifies an adulterer being in a marriage when their spouse is still alive and that innocent spouse is still being honorable. The not taking your wife back if they have been married…refers to if YOU divorced THEM. Meaning, you have already went against God’s Word (or divorced them with the allowances God has provided), and said..”I don’t want you as a spouse”…therefore, God’s word says you can no longer have them as a spouse if they’ve been married after your decision to divorce. However, that does not seem to apply if the ‘innocent’ and ‘Godly’ spouse is praying and waiting for the wayward spouse to return to God.
I do not believe the second marriage of the adulterous spouse is valid. If…if a person got ‘right’ with God, they would have to realize what they did to their spouse and this other person
that they ‘married’ and make it right before God and return to her original husband if he would have her. It’s the innocent person’s choice clearly in God’s word if they’re alive…not the adulterer’s. That’s how I see it anyway. I look at the other ways of looking at it, but I think you have to add more and more variables, assumptions, and ignore some things in order to allow for remarriage of an adulterer and for them to remain in that stated sin while their spouse is alive—and I’m talking the case where they are honoring God and praying for the wife of their youth and with God’s help willing to forgive and take them back.
As for Muslims, I know what you’re saying about ‘good’ Christians and ‘bad’ Christians and ‘good’ Muslims versus ‘terrorist’ Muslims…I guess my issue would be when any group has a book of teaching or leader that is elevated to a place equal to or near God and His Son Jesus. There are definitely similarities in religions, and I think therein lies the danger.
Obviously, the Koran (since we’re talking Muslims) has different teachings, some are similar or maybe the same as the Bible, but any that would contradict the Bible is the problem. If they aren’t willing to reject that which contradicts God’s Word…even if they believe some of it. How can they live for ‘the’ God and not another form?
Otherwise, wouldn’t they just say the Bible is all I need and do away with the Koran, Book of Morman, etc? I don’t know that just because someone follows God’s ‘rules’ that they are safe…I think the Pharisees followed God’s rules as well? I know when you start looking at what others or a majority do to base and justify a belief…it gets ‘iffy’. You may be right, but you may be wrong…it’s always best to seek God’s word on the subject, especially in today’s world of lowered standards and lives filled with pride and selfishness.
Well, I really enjoy your site here. Sorry about the loooonnnngggg response, hope you don’t mind. Take care and God bless.
Taking Another Look at Remarriage After Divorce and Repentance
First Jeff, I appreciate that you enjoy the site. Also, you owe me no apology at all for your responses. I myself tend to write really long posts, and it is only fair that you be given the opportunity to also explain your views regardless of the length. So the length doesn’t bother me at all, and help me to understand your points.
If I am not mistaken, I think we agree on every single point but one. So let me just briefly outline my views on marriage to ensure we are on the same page here:
- Marriage is a beautiful and holy bond designed by God. From the beginning, God saw that “it was not good for man to be alone.” So He gave man a wife. People don’t HAVE to get married, but I think it is a great idea for the support & fellowship to get married.
- Once married, we must love and honor our spouses. Love means not doing things such as adultery, beating them, ridiculing them, etc.
- Divorce should be avoided and a last option only, and couples should try to reconcile and resolve problems if possible. It is biblical to get a divorce when someone cheats on you (adultery) or does some other extreme sin (spousal abuse). God has called us to peace as Paul said. However, divorce is bad, and should be avoided and people should try to work things out even in cases of 1 time adultery instances.
- In the event of a divorce, it would be best for the couples to remain single or be reconciled to the original spouse. That is the best option. However, the bible does seem that the innocent spouse can remarry. Also, remarriage is certainly permissible in the event of death.
- In the event when someone has really screwed up and done the worst of all possible options and divorced unbiblically and remarried, we must ask: How do they repent. In this case, I say repent, but stay within your current marriage. Why? Because we have biblical example of David doing so. Secondly, what will yet another divorce solve? Nothing but more negativity and hurt.
So if I am not mistaken I think we agree on all of the above points until we get to #5. You seem to take a very strict approach here, almost to the point of making it impossible for a person to truly repent and gain forgiveness. So I do want to debate this further.
Am I Alone In My Views? What Do Other Notable Christians & Organizations Teach on This?
Now what you should know is that I am a BIBLE LITERALIST. When I read of Noah’s Ark, in my mind it is a real historical event (not a moral story). When I read of the Red Sea parting, it is a real event (not an exaggeration). So I am a biblical literalist! But on this point, I just cannot see enough evidence to place such a heavy yoke on remarried people who want to repent and do right.
We are literally asking them to do what God himself did not even require David to do.
The funny thing here is: Almost all of the big Christian organizations, and respected pastors and leaders I can find—all seem to agree with me on number 5! Here are my proof links below:
1. Love Worth Finding Ministries-This was led by Pastor Adrian Rogers. He was leader of the Southern Baptist convention, very well respected, and very strict in biblical interpretation. What do they have to say? On their site here, they clearly say the following in the last paragraph;
If still unmarried, make every effort to reconcile to your first spouse, or remain that way. If remarried, stay that way. A second divorce is not going to correct the mistake made in the first one. The bottom line in any marriage is to make sure you and your spouse love Jesus more than each other. You can’t have a successful marriage without its Creator any more than a symphony can produce harmony without the conductor.
2. CBN- Yet another HUGE Christian ministry and program, has this to say on their website here (which yet again agrees with my stance) (towards the bottom):
However, given the appalling state of marriage in the modern world, I feel that the church should use its power of “binding and loosing” (see Matthew 16:19) to provide guidance in the way of forgiveness to divorced and remarried couples who have received Jesus Christ after their divorce. In other words, the church should (and I personally would) say that what happened in your past life is covered by the blood of Christ. Enjoy your present marriage and live in it to the glory of God without recrimination. However, for Christians who have divorced (after being born again) for reasons other than adultery or desertion, I believe they should either be reconciled to their Christian mates or remain unmarried.
3. GotQuestions.org–Yet another very serious and literal online Christian ministry has this to say:
No matter the circumstances, once a couple is remarried, they should strive to live out their married lives in fidelity, in a God-honoring way, with Christ at the center of their marriage. A marriage is a marriage. God does not view the new marriage as invalid or adulterous. A remarried couple should devote themselves to God, and to each other – and honor Him by making their new marriage a lasting and Christ-centered one.
4. Billy Graham “America’s Pastor,” gets asked a similar question on his site. A couple left their old spouses and married each other. How does he respond? His reply can be found above. Surprisingly, no where does he mention they must get a divorce to be saved. He only says to repent and apologize to the ex-spouses. Again, no where does he say they are in a state of adultery and must divorce and get back together with the old spouse!
So right there I have 4 HUGE examples of very well respected churches, organizations, and pastors who are in complete agreement with what I am saying here.
Adultery is wrong. If you get divorced, it is best to remain single or be reconciled. If you do happen to ignore the other 2 rules, then repent and remain in your current marriage! That is my view, and that seems to be a consensus among prominant Christians (I am not sure what your exact view/denomination may be).
How Do I Know You Don’t Belong to a David Koresh Ministry?
This is a joke, of course. I forgot to mention last time, I actually was researching some of those David Koresh and other guys with my wife a couple of weeks ago. So it was funny that you brought him up.
But above I have listed some of the most influential churches/pastors both online and in the nation. And they are in complete agreement. Yet you disagree. How do I know your pastor isn’t a David Koresh type? LOL.
Of course, I don’t really believe that. But my point is I have examined multiple views from respected Christians, and it seems to be a general consensus that it is pointless to require a divorce in order to be saved when one has remarried and repents.
Furthermore, you seem to be very strict in your reasoning that the only thing that made David’s marriage okay was the fact Uriah was dead. I can refute this by asking one question below:
Was King David’s Marriage to Bathsheba Made Holy Because of Uriah’s Death or David’s Repentance?
Again, you say it was because Uriah was dead. This is easily dis-proven because Uriah was dead, yet God still punishes David by taking his son. So if Uriah’s death is what made David’s marriage holy, why does God still punish him?
The answer is because it isn’t Uriah’s death that makes David’s terrible marriage situation holy. It is David’s repentance that saves him. God sanctifies his marriage after REPENTANCE, not after Uriah’s death!
That is a very important point to consider. He punishes David after Uriah’s death, yet sanctifies and blesses his marriage after repentance. So it is repentance that saves us and makes us right, not the death issue as you presume.
Refuting the Notion of Hosea’s Marriage as Being Literal Teachings
While I understand that you are trying to use this as an example, this is a terrible example. I have already refuted this example here. If you honestly want to view this book as literal, then I would shoot back with this charge:
- Have you married a whore (also translated a prostitute or harlot)? If not, you are in direct violation of the Hosea marriage teaching. For God clearly commands to marry a whore in that book.
- Have you named you children No Mercy, Not My People, and Jezreel? If Not, you are violating God’s marriage ideals as described in Hosea.
- If you have not done the above, you are picking and choosing verses out of proper contexts. This is how false doctrine is started.
Do you see how then that is completely absurd to take this book out if it’s symbolic context and declare this an example of biblical marriage? This is a specific command for Hosea ONLY.
Or have you taken a scroll and eaten it today? Why not? God clearly told Ezekiel to do it! But of course, no one does that because they realize that God gave that command only to Ezekiel. So why take something God commanded only Hosea and use that for a biblical teaching on marriage? If you really want to do that, then you MUST do the other 2 things listed above, otherwise you are only picking and choosing what you want to be literal and what you want to be figurative.
The other obvious thing I would point out is this: The bible never says Gomer has remarried. It only says she was being “loved by another man.”
So of course she should repent and return to Hosea. I fully agree that couples who are merely separated (and not divorced) should repent and return to one another. I also fully say that if they are married and committing adultery with people outside of their marriage, they should absolutely stop and repent and remain with their original spouses only.
But that isn’t what this whole article is about. This whole article is about what is repentance after people have divorce, moved on, and remarried. And overwhelming evidence (from David’s example), other pastors/organizations, and more say the same thing:
Repent, and honor your current marriage, and sin no more! Simple. I don’t understand why you want to place a heavy yoke and burden on people, especially to those who may be new to the faith. That is a sure-fire way to turn them off. And what if God doesn’t even require it? We could be leading people away from God by placing unnecessary commands and requirements that are heavy burdens.
Also, I might add that the bible itself gives no example that I know of where a couple has divorced for an unbiblical reason, remarried, and then REPENTED later other than David. That is the problem, the bible itself really doesn’t have a clear teaching on repentance after the fact, and has no example that I know of where a couple has divorced, remarried, and then repented. David is all we have (with or without a dead Uriah).
We have clear teachings regarding marriage and divorce, but we have no examples of all possible scenarios of such cases where people ignore those rules, but later want to repent and do right.
What Do We Tell People Who Are Remarried and Want to Repent?
I have read your views. Again, I agree with 99.9% of what you said, but we disagree on the part where someone has remarried and already done wrong, and want to repent. I still feel that you are not considering this in a real-life 3-D way of thinking.
You did not really address my example: A man divorced his wife to be with another woman. He then divorces her after things don’t work out. He then marries again after a few years ( a 2rd divorce). He stays single for a few months, and then meets another woman and marries her. Divorces yet a 3rd time. And then, remarries again, and is happy. He is now on his 4th marriage.
Then, the man hears a sermon, and decides to repent and follow Christ. And he comes up to you and says, “Jeff, I want to be saved. I don’t want to go to hell. What can I do to be saved? What must I do right now to ensure I go to heaven?”
So my question is this: How do you reply to that Jeff? What do you tell this man and his current wife who want to be saved and be Godly people? The way I see it, you have 2 options:
Option 1—You tell the man that he must repent and follow God’s word. In addition, he and his current wife (who are happily married and want desperately to follow God), must go and take out a loan and hire a lawyer. They must divorce right away, cut their assets in half, and break up a happy home. Then, you tell him he must try to go back to his wife….but which one? Do you flip a coin? What if his first wife is remarried? What if she is single but can’t stand him? What is he to do? Think of the complex things invovled here.
In that situation, what does it solve Jeff? You are telling them that to be saved, they must get a divorce? Would you really say that the person must go through all of that to be saved? You are telling them that repenting of past sins isn’t enough, and he must go back and correct them all. Is that even biblical? I thought salvation was to repent and turn away from future sins. I didn’t see anywhere where you have to travel back in time and right all of your wrongs.
If you kill a man, to genuinely repent, must you resurrect them and bring them back to life? Or are you trapped in the sin forever? Or does repentance give you a clean slate in God’s eyes, and you move on from their and murder no more?
It gives you a clean slate, clearly. You are a NEW CREATION. The old you has died. You have been born again a new person. Why would you make a new person get a divorce? So in using this example, when people repent they are dead! The old them died, and they are born again. Their new marriage is made holy as new creatures.
Again, the old marriage is DEAD. It doesn’t matter if the other wives are living still, the marriage itself is dead. In David’s situation, Bathsheba’s marriage to Uriah was dead, and Uriah was dead. In other situations, perhaps only the marriage is dead. But as long as either the person or marriage itself is dead, can’t they be forgiven and remain together?
Telling them to get a divorce and chase someone down AfTER a divorce and remarriage is to me like saying you have to do X amount of good deeds to earn your way back to heaven, and go back and right all of the wrongs you have done as well.
Option 2—Or, you can tell him this: Well sir, you have sinned in the past. Repent and ask God for forgiveness. Now, you must follow God’s laws from here on out as a new creation in Christ. Honor your current marriage, and do not go outside of it again. For your old marriages have passed away. You have a clean slate in God’s eyes, move on, and sin no more. Remain in your current marriage and keep it biblical.
Doesn’t it seem that option 2 is more of what God would want? Why would he require him to divorce and do all that in option 1? Why bring more pain, emotional suffering, and financial suffering? He certainly didn’t David, and David could have afforded it (he had plenty of wives and money)!
How would breaking the current marriage commitment make the others right? Either way you slice it, he has to break a committment to at least 1 wife. Option 2 not only seems to be the most reasonable, but it seems to have the most agreement among the Christian leaders, churches, and organizations of today.
So that is what I ask you Jeff: What do you say to someone like this. And sadly many people have divorced 1 or 2 times and are remarried. How do we save these people? How do we turn them to God? Do we place a heavy yoke on them and require them to do all of these rules and divorces yet again? Or do we say sin no more and honor God?
Is Adultery an Inescapable Death Sentence? Is Adultery a Constant State that is Unforgiveable?
As I mentioned in the last part, adultery can be a “state” if people are unrepentant. If they they do not seek forgiveness after an act, they are under the “state” of adultery (just like you can be under the state of being a liar, or murderer).
Jesus says if a man divorces his wife (except for sexual immorality) and marries another he commits adultery. But what Jesus DIDN’T say was what happened if this man repented after he was remarried. That is the problem.
We know it is a sin before, but what about when he repents. We know murder is a sin, but what if they repent later? We know adultery is a sin, but what if they repent later? Jesus says a man “causes his wife to commit adultery.” He didn’t say a man can “cause his wife to REMAIN in adultery.” See the difference. Repentance is the key here.
Again, King David is the only example of such a marriage in the bible. Hosea is nothing but a symbolic book, and Gomer didn’t even remarry as far as we know (nor did he). So that example does nothing to disprove my point. David is all we really have!
What About Getting to Heaven, Muslims, Other Faiths, Etc?
I won’t spend too much time on this subject (I could easily write an entire book on who may get to heaven), but I do want to say a few more things. Yes, you are right about the Pharisees sometimes following the letter of the law. But the problem is that they were breaking the spirit of the law.
They may not have committed adultery physically, but they lusted after people in their heart. They may not have murdered anyone, but they hated in their hearts. They may gave money to the poor, but only to boast and be prideful, not because it was God’s loving will.
Jesus was the first to not only fulfill the letter of the law, but the spirit of the law as well. When Moses gave the law, he wrote God’s laws on a stone tablet. When Christ gave God’s laws, he wrote them on our hearts and minds.
In the bible, it never speaks of a faith judgment. It never says God sits on his throne and says, “Okay, all Muslims come here, sorry but it is hell for you all.” He never says, “And you Mormons, you guys are crazy, it is hell for you too.”
NO, but God is a Judge of the HEART. He always has been, and the righteous inherit the kingdom. When he sent Samuel to anoint David, Samuel was looking for a big mighty warrior. But God picks this puny little sheep herder to rule His nation. Why? Because God said in one of the most moving passages in the bible:
1 Samuel 16:7 (New International Version)
But the LORD said to Samuel, “Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The LORD does not look at the things man looks at. Man looks at the outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart.”
Also, Jesus himself tells an interesting story of the judgement which I think speaks a lot of the different denominations and even different monotheistic faiths (Muslims, Christianity, Judaism). Remember, Jesus said the Father has passed judgment to the Son. God often delegates things to others (much like a president or anyone with authority does). So God has delegated judgment to the Son, and here is what Christ says:
Matthew 25:31-46 :
“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, he will sit on his throne in heavenly glory. 32All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate the people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. 33He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left.
34″Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father; take your inheritance, the kingdom prepared for you since the creation of the world. 35For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, 36I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me.’
37″Then the righteous will answer him, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you something to drink? 38When did we see you a stranger and invite you in, or needing clothes and clothe you? 39When did we see you sick or in prison and go to visit you?’
40″The King will reply, ‘I tell you the truth, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers of mine, you did for me.’
41″Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels. 42For I was hungry and you gave me nothing to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me nothing to drink, 43I was a stranger and you did not invite me in, I needed clothes and you did not clothe me, I was sick and in prison and you did not look after me.’
44″They also will answer, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or needing clothes or sick or in prison, and did not help you?’
45″He will reply, ‘I tell you the truth, whatever you did not do for one of the least of these, you did not do for me.’
46″Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.”
So what does it mean to know Christ? What does it mean to follow Christ? We have a superb example by Jesus’ own lips. Even if you do not know his name, you are serving him by doing his example and good to those who do God’s will. By loving others, you love Christ. By doing Christ’s will, you do God’s will. By doing God’s will, you do Christ’s will. Why? Christ did God’s will, therefore his will was submissive to God’s.
Furthermore, notice how the judgment plays out. He gathers ALL nations, and divides people on an individual basis. He doesn’t gather all nations, separate Mulsims, Jews, Chrisitans, Jehovah Witnesses, Baptists, Catholics, etc. Nope, not at all.
He separates us on an INDIVIDUAL basis, based on what? Righteousness. There are only 2 people known by God: Righteous and Unrighteous. There are only 2 faiths or denominations recognized by God: Sheep and Goats. Good and Bad.
So to say all Muslims or all of any one group goes to hell to me is a misinterpretation of God and the gospel.
Futhermore, I dare say that I know a couple of Muslims personally, who pray daily, and not only follow the letter of God’s laws, but the spirit. They also acknowledge Christ as the Messiah. I have a hard time believing these people will not inherit the Kingdom of God. Their desire is there, their obedience is there (in spirit and letter).
I totally agree that the Koran disagrees and contradicts the bible. So which book is right? Obviously I think the bible is the full truth. But I choose to let God judge people individually based on their hearts, minds, and obedience. I will let God decide who is righteous based on His criteria, not societies, or a particular denominations.
I could even point to countless examples in the bible of people who were counted as righteous with terrible background faiths. Abraham’s family were idol makers and idol worshipers. Yet Abraham obeyed God’s voice and followed him. He was counted righteous based on his obedient faith to God.
Saul killed Christians, yet eventualy followed Christ. Moses didn’t even know God’s name until he was around 4o years old, nor did he follow him for most of his life. Yet he eventually became a servant and prophet of God.
As Christians, shouldn’t we stand in the middle? Isn’t our job to preach the gospel to all nations and all faiths? How can we do that effectively if we go around saying, “Islam is the devil?” Or “Jehovah Witnesses are a cult doomed to hell.” Or “Those Catholics or Mormons are nuts.”
Shouldn’t we be loving, and preach to them all and reason with them the scriptures? Shouldn’t we reason with other denominations and faith in a loving way, rather than ridiculing them and saying, “You’re goin’ to hell.” Many of those people are jut honest God fearing people who just want to do God’s will. They pray, they follow the spirit and letter of the law, and more. Why should we condemn them because of a label, when God himself may not even condemn them?
What about those who may have never heard the gospel, and instead only heard their one faith their whole life? How could they ever know any different?
That doesn’t mean we have to compromise our own faith or bibles. I hold strong to mine always until the end. The bible, to me, is the final and most important revelation and the upmost authority. And you are right, there are similiaries with other faiths, but also sharp distinctions. But I find no problem in having interfaith dialogue, and I certainly wouldn’t say any one group is destined to hell. We all face an individual judgment. In my opinion, it is a mistake to say something like, “Muslims go to hell.”
Again, this doesn’t mean all faiths get to heaven, or all good people get to heaven. Only those counted as righteous by God and Christ. Good people do go to heaven, but God has the final authority of what the word “Good” actually means.
A Few Final Words:
Thanks again for all of the great commentary and dialogue Jeff. It was very pleasant to talk to you. I hope that God blesses you in all things. Hold tight to the faith, and seek God’s wisdom and scriptures always.
Update: See the latest response to this article on the next page.
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Posted under Ask a Question, bible questions, marriage and divorce